Party member and Deputy Minister of Ministry of Land and Resources, Director of Consultative Committee of Experts in Science and Technology, Deputy Director of CIUDSRC

　　Today, I would like to discuss issues concerning the implementation of conservation priority strategy to promote compact city establishment and green development. The urbanization development has always been rapid and it is predicted that, by 2020, there will be 130 million more urban population in our country, and by 2030, the urban population will increase 240 million. The following 10 or 20 years is the period when urbanization develops at top speed. During this period, in the new urbanization process, we still need to promote conservation priority strategies to achieve the the goal of economical and intensive land utilization.

　　Problems existing in the current urban development and construction

　　Currently, in the development process of new-type urbanization, there are three problems:

　　Firstly, construction space and land resources have been seriously wasted by means of construction featured with getting far away from the reality and craving for huge and foreign things. Measured from the current per capita construction lands planned in the 391 new towns and districts, the latest figure was 197 square meters per capita, far beyond 100 square meters per capita, the national standard. And it is also beyond that of the thorough investigation we conducted in 2011 about the situation of urban construction land. In most of the new towns and districts, the average plot ratio is between 0.8 and 1.2, rarely exceeding 1.5. In the long run, this development model is not sustainable, and it is a great waste of money and rare land resources. Meanwhile, it also causes disorder and misconduct of urban space organization and arrangement, covering more lands, and the rapid expanded population will eventually bring contradictions between resources and population environment. For places with intensive development and utilization, we have a comparison: the residential plot ratio in New York CBD has reached up to 5-10, CBD plot ratio in Singapore has reached 6, and Seoul over 10.

　　Secondly, energy and lands are wasted because of the the current mode of urban construction and land utilization, so a severe urban disease came into being. Currently, the city is developing in the traditional way, starting from a low-density, low plot ratio and flat space, the urban functional zones are gradually being established. With the increasing population and expansion of the city, basic infrastructures are gradually increasing and further improved to strengthen the stereo development and so on.

　　In the rapid urbanization development process, this kind of construction method has separated  production life from ecological urban space. Thus, in the process of urban construction and development,Problems like difficuly in coordinating various functions of the city,  a serious traffic congestion caused by a large amount of traffics and logistics,  are getting worse. In the near future, this situation will expand the urban disorder, waste lands as well as cause the unreasonable functions and structures. From the long-term perspective, it will result in insufficient infrastructure capabilities, traffic congestion, high energy consumption, environmental pollution and other serious urban diseases.

　　Where has urban people's time gone? We have a simple statistics: so far, in the three major cities in China-Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou, people in Beijing spend the largest amount of time on transportation in their workdays. And there is also statistics for the comparison throughout the world: the average one-way commuting time in New York is about 35 minutes, and that in Shanghai is 36 minutes, Beijing nearly 40 minutes; Another number shows that the average daily commuting time in Beijing is one and a half hours. To a large extent, the modern urban operation and management have been effected by urban diseases like traffic congestion, inadequate public services and excessive overdraft urban resources.

　　Thirdly, the high quality arable lands have been occupied, the farming insurance red line has been impacted, and the ecological security has been threatened. According to our statistics, among the 391 new cities and areas, the acreage of planned areas has accounted for 23.5% of that of the whole urban areas, and it is about one-quarter; among which one-third has exceeded the general demarcated boundaries of the land utilization, therefore, a lot of arable lands need occupying. These arable lands are both important production base and ecological environment, so this development method will challenge the ecological environment and agricultural development.

　　Explore and promote the land saving mode in the new-type urbanization construction

　　We should adapt to the carrying capacity requirements of resources and environment, and explore the development model to build new-type urbanization land saving construction. And land saving construction promotion as well as development of new model should be the main way to develop new-type urbanization. It is clearly stated that in the national new-type urbanization plan, the vital goal of new-type urbanization is the scientific and reasonable urban construction development model. And the sign of its success is marked by economical and intensive compact development model being dominant, which is featured with high density, mixed functions and transportation oriented.

　　In the future, economical and intensive utilization of urban land development should start from the independent and single-purpose economic and intensive land utilization, and in accordance with the need of the green, compact urban development, the comprehensively economical and intensive land utilization and development have come into being. Thus, we must vigorously promote the comprehensive development of three-dimensional land saving model. We should promote the development of new-type and green urbanization, and further promote the intensive and economical land utilization. So I would like to propose three land saving models here:

　　First,this kind of land saving mode promotes the land saving urban construction method of separating pedestrians from vehicles, traffic priority and environmentally friendly running. This construction method is to build a new transportation model by means of land saving construction, and to build a land saving and compact urban construction. This implementation approach can effectively avoid the urban disease, and its main features are as follows: on the one hand, ground roads are mainly for cars and the surroundings could be built through ground road construction. So a large amount of parking and running space for cars could be available; on the other hand, we should build manual platform in the whole process of urban construction and by means of erecting space platform and transportation routes, pedestrians and vehicles could be separated. Eventually, the proper space for living, working and production could take shape.
The three-dimensional method is generally adopted in this construction model. We could separate pedestrians from the vehicles and undertake the compact urban construction. On the screen, it is a schematic diagram of this land saving method and the overall construction, with the implementation of separating transportation options as well as the basic design of the road construction. As you can see, the original city traffic is on the ground, and with the gradual development of the city, a large amount of transportation are being established by means of bridging in the modern society. With this construction mode, people’s trip model has just been changed, which is, instead of bridging the vehicles, people are bridged. Improving pedestrian traffic to construct new-type and urban transportation systems is just constructing transportation methods for human beings. This transportation could separate pedestrians from vehicles to construct and develop the compact city.

　　In order to promote this land saving model, with the support of Ministry of Land and Resources and related ministries, we have conducted the land saving experiment like this in Changsha. There are some functions in promoting this kind of land saving method: let’s look at the case, this is the promoting method of intensive land utilization in Changsha Xinhe Delta, which is to construct and develop land saving and compact city in this way. It the the appearance of the whole area on the screen, and it’s 1.1 square kilometers. In the whole construction area, we could not see any car and it is totally the bridging platform. And this is the intensive structure of the whole urban construction. This picture is the ground space in the whole construction process, and all the ground space is used as the transportation space for running and parking the vehicles. This is the construction of the whole neighborhood, and the vehicles are running on the ground and other construction space is above it. This kind of land saving method has been effective and the Changsha Xiangjiang River Shijicheng Project takes up 110 hectares and its overall construction acreage has reached 5.1 million square meters, with the plot ratio of 4.63 and the number of residence has reached 62 ,000 to 72,000; another project next to it is the Xinhe Delta Beichen Project with the floor space of almost 1.1 square kilometers, plot ratio 4.9 and the residence population has reached 63,000 to 66,000.

　　This kind of land saving project has saved a large amount of lands, and the residential land utilization per capita is only 18 square meters, accounting for one third of the general land utilization level, and the residential environment has been thoroughly improved. Pedestrians and vehicles have been totally separated and the environmentally friendly trip has been promoted. The compact space has made people’s trips always within the pedestrian distance, so the resources have been saved to a large extent; the traffic congestion has been eliminated. As there is no mutual disturbance between pedestrians and vehicles, the traffic lights could also be canceled. Energy could be saved because of the missing congestion and the emission reduction rate of the vehicles has reached 50% to 80%, so the problem with parking could be solved; as the developers, their large amount of investment has been saved. There is no need to deep dig into the ground and construct in a large amount because the whole traffic system is planned to run on the ground surface. Therefore, a large amount of costs, lands, resources and materials have been saved, making the whole urban construction investment just account for 30% to 50% of the ordinary construction investment. By means of land saving, the government has gained its income and the income of each land is as three and a half times as the original one.

　　As for the second land saving model, we should carry out the three-dimensional urban construction and save a lot of building space and land resources. Such construction methods are being designed and developed by Wantong company, and currently the first project has begun to advance in Wenzhou Zhejiang . The development goal of dimensional city is to build a sustainable compact ideal city with high employment, high welfare, and low-cost to solve the problems of resources, urban disease and various problems in current urban development and to create a compact, integrated and sustainable city.

　　The design and construction program of the compact city plans is a building of six million square meters on one square kilometer of land in 5 to 7 years could accommodate 80,000 people. The construction goal and present design are very close to the above-mentioned method of separating pedestrians from vehicles. On one square kilometer of land, 60,000-80,000 people can live , and 1/2 of the employment could be solved. Urban construction in China like this is still very compact. Under the guidance of this core idea, we could use the least amount of lands, allocate reasonable industries and resources to build environmentally friendly transport system, to fully realize the goal of green and livable urban environment, and such construction with three-dimensional model could reach the goal of constructing compact cities.

　　Currently, dimensional cities are under construction and compared with the traditional cities, we just need to use 1/7 of the lands in a general way, but we can save nearly 60% of the water, saving 40% of energy consumption and 60% of carbon emissions, and reduce urban waste, the real goal of the pastoral landscape of the city could be achieved.

　　The construction of three-dimensional city is compact, and the housing, employment and general life activities were arranged compactly. This city-building approach has six characteristics: First, vertical development, the original urban condition has been laid down on the flat and changed into the vertical development of urban form; second, coordination occurs where the  compact development areas are with high-density and high plot ratio, while other ecological spaces are more relaxed and sparse; third, to combine industry and urban living closely together to form a closely linked compact urban development with various functions; fourth, we could  effectively conserve resources, reduce land occupancy and building materials consumption; fifth, the goal of green travel and green transportation could be achieved; sixth, wisdom management could be realized with modern Internet technology. In addition, the compact construction of the city also needs to fulfill its mission of the seven service platforms, from the seven data platforms like planning and design, financial services, industrial services, asset management, project management, free customization and data service to build the development of the compact city.

　　The third land mode, rail-oriented integrated land development model. Rail type of land development and utilization of land may be referred to as the public transport-oriented comprehensive development and utilization. This development approach fits the core concept of compact urban development model, with the following  three aspects of characteristics:

　　1. Land development and utilization with high intensity. This compact land development and utilization is in accordance with the principle of those who construct the road should develop it . In the surrounding of rail transportation, 50-100 hectares of lands are plotted out for the market body, and the whole land adjacent areas are planned and designed, constructed together,  three-dimensional development, implementation of various transportation (including bus, subway), various functions (such as commerce, office, residence and together with other purposes for the comprehensive development of high strength. From the current situation, the comprehensive development and utilization of land has reached a high level, such as the current domestic passenger line bus terminal in Changsha, MTR Kowloon Station in Hong Kong and other projects,whose plot ratio reached 7.5 and 8, and they are organized well.

　　2. Multifunctional organic mixed land use. Integrated land development also fits the core concept of compact urban development model, which is multi-functional organic mixed land use. This development approach includes residence, commerce, office, transportation and other types of facilities, eventually forming an organic hybrid variety of urban functions on the same piece of land to form layout coordination, above and below ground space could be fully utilized, seamless urban transport facilities complex could be realized.

　　3. Implementation of bus priority principle. In order to implement bus priority and green travel, the first is to emphasize the integrated development of land based on railway station and the rail transit, to seamlessly connect with public transportation systems in other cities. And bus priority should be implemented; secondly, select these development land areas and form a compact comprehensive city. It is emphasized that diameter distance should be within 500 meters. And within the walking distance, the conduct of joint construction, design, and development so that  people in their daily activities can be at the most appropriate range to achieve green travel requirements by means of walking.
On the screen, it is a comprehensive land development diagram of the integrated rail traffic. As you can see, the subway station is at the bottom layer, and its upper layer is urban bus transfer station, and the one above it is the mall, the one above the mall will be urban garden platform or car travel path, and then the one further above the platform or the path is building like residence, office or shopping center. So in this way, the development model with a three-dimensional development and comprehensive development has formed. This is a schematic plan view of integrated land development model, we can see the three-dimensional and stratified development pattern.

　　This development model has developed by mixing variety of functions to achieve the goal of comprehensive development with high density. This is the detailed method for interrelating and transferring of the cities’ which have built this kind of comprehensive development mode. This picture shows the case of Hong Kong: transfer of subway and bus, seamless connection of subway and mall as well as the interrelation with business and transportation exits. Taking public transportation land-use into account, the overall arrangement has been conducted within the range of 500 meters, including business, transportation, residence, office and so on.

　　The following pictures are typical cases of the formed compact urban development with the adoption of this method. This is Hong Kong's MTR Kowloon Station, the tall buildings are the above parts of the subway station. And this is the schematic diagram of the phrased development and the mix of various functions, and it is also the typical case of the integration of rail and urban areas; this is Japan's new Yokohama Station, and the buildings are built on the bottom of the subway, and this is the design schematic diagram. The picture below is the compact development in the small range with the adoption of its various functions; this is Wuhan-Guangzhou, Changsha Terminal just mentioned, also with the adoption of compact development in this way; this is the development of the top tenement of Shenzhen N0.4 subway, this is its overall appearance and this one shows its inner design. In its design, the depot cover and cover part of the design are together to form a multi-functional integrated land development, and this is its overall plan.

　　promote compact urban development prospects and effective way

　　Compact urban land development and construction model is a new one of urban development, and this development model has been the trend, with a wide range of applications.

　　(A) Rail-oriented integrated land development model will become an important development model in the process of China's urbanization  development. In the planning process of the three strategies of One Belt and One Road, the joint development of Beijing-Tianjing-Hebei Region and the Yangtze River economic belt, the formation of an effective transportation routes along the track layout of the city is inevitable choice to optimize land space development . China's Urban development is inseparable from China's transport hub oriented, so in the future, a lot of cities will form an effective layout along the traffic trunk lines.

　　In the process of new-type urbanization with urban agglomeration as the major building form, the construction of railway, light rail, subway and other public large-capacity public transportation will further accelerate. And the urban development model of coordinating urban land utilization and the development characteristics of rail track transportation will be the significant development model in the future. Therefore, the development model of rail transportation comprehensive development model will become the significant way. These great strategies implemented are closely related to rail transportation, so it is the same with things like OBAOR, the joint development of Beijing-Tianjing-Hebei Region and the Yangtze River economic belt.

　　In addition, the value of lands could be enhanced with the adoption of rail-oriented comprehensive land utilization, the spillover benefits of lands could be recovered by diversified operation, the main income could increase with population agglomeration, urban development could be promoted through industrial concentration, and the layout of the city could be optimized by means of transport corridors. Such new mechanism can be implemented to realize the three goals of supporting railway construction, promoting urban development and improving land saving level. In the circumstances that these three objectives can be achieved at the same time, the land development patterns prospect of rail type will be very extensive, and it  will become the main means.

　　Firstly, it is the way to promote urban and transport interactivity, which can greatly enhance the effect of urban agglomeration. From the screen, you can see the statistics from Japan, it has made a comparison between cities with production yield and those without yield. There are smaller population gathering in  the former one, and these small, short and green columns represent the development without integrated production and city. Its daily passenger flow volume is less than 10 million and the urban population gathering effect with the adoption of integrated development of and city production is relatively obvious, with 53 million one day.

　　Secondly, this development model can be a good support for the entire rail transportation development. From the overall income of the Hong Kong subway, we can clearly see the benefits with the adoption of this approach. In the overall revenue of Hong Kong MTR's, income brought through property development and property leasing development is more than 50%: the construction of various property income arising compact city accounted for 28%, other operating income like property leasing and property management reached 24%, and the overall revenue reached 52%. Not counting station business this part, if this section computing is counted in, it will reach more than 75%. Thus the development of rail transport has been advantageously supported , and rail transport development also brings new economic growth point to the city. Due to the arrival of rail transportation, all walks of life have been the promoted and developed.

　　(B) The implementation prospects of other means in land saving compact urban development and construction. It should be said that these ways (land saving method of separating pedestrians and vehicular traffic, three-dimensional city land saving and other methods) are very promising, and they can play a positive role in relieving stress on resources and environment and solving traffic congestion as well as air pollution and other big city diseases. Meanwhile, they can promote the development of the increase of new economy and promote the integration of production and urbanization. This kind of prospect advantages have changed the development notion and model of the provident cities into adopting the exquisite increase model, which is an optimal choice.

　　Since the compact urban land development model is characterized with functional diversification, convenient transportation and other features, it can benefit for industries like land revenue increase, commercial development and service industry, so this kind of land saving method will have a very broad manner application prospect. The realization of the methods has been clear and especially for the comprehensive development and utilization of rail type lands, and we have already seen the advantages on three aspects: first, certain advantages in land supply; second, support on the planning; and third, the policy has also been promoted.

　　China's urban lands are state-owned, so the policy of land supply is relatively easy to coordinate and promote, and the favorable support in the planning is available. Since 2013, in  Views on the Reform of Railway Investment and Financing System Accelerating Railway Construction, the State Council clearly put forward the comprehensive development of land use pattern of rail type, as well as the overall direction of the policy. In 2014, the State Council issued a special Views on Supporting Railway Construction and Implementation of Land Comprehensive Development, this kind of development model has been clearly supported by policy. This kind of development can activate the enthusiasm of the railway developers and promote new-type urbanization development while enhancing the railway construction and promoting the rail transportation development with effective ways of implementations.

　　(C) Policy recommendations and consideration on promoting compact urban development model. I mainly think from four aspects: first, to make scientific planning requirements, from urban and rural planning and on the basis of detailed planning control, we must guide and support the new urban construction models; second, the traditional construction methods of urban practice should be appropriately limited to force to promote the development of new urbanization patterns; and third, to develop policies to support land utilization and encourage the adoption of new urban building model; fourth, we must adhere to resource constraints and promote the application of new city building model.

　　Currently, Ministry of Land and Resources is formulating related policies and taking these issues into consideration. For example, in promoting the adoption of new land utilization patterns of the time, they have considered these issues from several aspects, such as while promoting land saving model, the pilot land uses annual target to encourage, and for cities using new construction methods, we passed a certain targets to facilitate the use of this land approach; while considering bidding, auction and listing, you can also make new construction methods as a preferred option, or an appropriate allocation of land as a prerequisite. Additionally, for economical and intensive use of land, the construction of a compact city can be given appropriate concessions and promote the premium rate and volume.

　　There must be difficulties to a certain degree in using new land saving methods, and these policies are being considered and formulated. I hope that in the near future, we can make great contributions to promote the land saving method in the new- type urbanization. So that’s all my speech, thank you!